The biology of autism is the focus of one of four primary portfolios in the Autism Speaks Sciences Program. The Biology Portfolio will focus on the areas of neuroscience, physiology and molecular biology to gain a better understanding of the pathology and underlying biological mechanisms that generate autism. For its work on the biology of autism, Autism Speaks develops and manages research grants in the areas of neurosciences, physiology and molecular biology. Initiatives in this area currently include the Brain Development Initiative.